Immigration

With the US experiencing labour shortages in various industries, many cities, from New York to Denver, have been striving to draw migrants to fill critical job gaps. Extremely low unemployment rates in the US have increasingly pushed workers towards higher education and white-collar jobs, a trend that has left many of its industries—especially food service and hospitality—severely horthanded. This has created a trend wherein businesses are increasingly turning to asylum seekers and migrants with federal work permits to meet their staffing needs.  Denver’s Plan to Help Migrants and Local Businesses Denver, like most US cities, is hit hard by an acute shortage of manual labourers, particularly those in the hospitality industry. Mark Berzins, owner of 17 bars and restaurants in Denver, said that staffing kitchens has been a huge challenge. He says the majority of residents in Denver have college degrees, and none of them want to work in the kitchens, cooking and washing dishes. So he’s begun to fill those jobs with asylum seekers from South and Central America using a city-run program. So far, he has employed about a dozen people who have been granted working permits and who speak Spanish there to alleviate his chronic understaffing in kitchens.  It is a national trend, but Denver’s program is really trying to help asylum seekers improve their English and computer skills on their way to getting federal work authorization. But the city stipulates that at least one household receiving city services must attend. “It not only benefits businesses like Berzins’ but also saves the city money by transitioning migrants from public assistance to self-sufficiency.” System to Combat Worker Shortages in North Dakota As a result of the second-lowest unemployment rate in the country, state officials have created an Office of Legal Immigration in North Dakota. It is actually a new department dedicated to fighting widespread worker shortages, putting businesses in contact with migrants who have work authorization. Although North Dakota has a small foreign-born workforce, it has experienced huge growth in its immigrant population, particularly in health care jobs, which has proved important in offsetting labour shortages from an ageing population.  The Office of Legal Immigration is just getting off the ground, but eventually the department will help businesses untangle the bureaucratic knot that comes with hiring migrants and help newcomers adjust to life in North Dakota, including the harsh winters. State Senator Tim Mathern, who sponsored the legislation to create the department, puts it this way: the state needs these workers just as much as they need jobs.  Political Tensions and Economic Realities  It is this wave of migrants and legions of efforts to integrate them into the workforce that have become highly controversial. In politically conservative states like North Dakota, the welcome for asylum seekers came with tension, notably the claim that they might replace native-born workers. However, studies—including a paper from the National Bureau of Economic Research—indicate that immigration has had at best a marginally positive effect on the wages of native-born workers over the period 2019 to 2022. Moreover, US immigration is biassed towards the admittance of highly skilled workers; this generally leaves room in the labour market for lower-skilled jobs that are better filled by migrants.  Cities like New York have also had a huge influx of migrants; tens of thousands of jobs could be filled with asylum seekers who have work permits, the State Department of Labour has estimated. On Staten Island, an organisation is working to help migrants get proper certifications and trainings required for entry into official employment, which draws them out of the underground economy into stable work.  Conclusion As labour shortages continue to afflict US cities, integration of migrants into the workforce is becoming more plausible. Cities like Denver and states like North Dakota open up businesses’ most vital job vacancies and provide a chance at a new life for many of the migrants moving into the US. While political tensions still exist, the economic benefits are obvious, offering a way forward for both migrants and local economies.

As the case may be, international tourism boards, hospitality, and travel companies are beginning to make concentrated efforts to cater to this emerging set of target customers with outbound travel from tier two and three cities of India. The substantial growth in outbound travel by the people from small-town India is not new and has been making noticeable inroads across the globe. DET has said that between 19 and 23 Indian cities are connected to DET’s overall connectivity through flights; some of these places include Jaipur, Pune, Coimbatore, Lucknow, Kochi, and Surat. Bader Ali Habib, regional head (proximity markets) at DET, said that tier two and tier three cities in India have a huge potential for outbound tourism. He also said that a strategic focus should be brought about due to the higher demand from those regions for MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions), weddings, honeymoons, and sports tourism. The Singapore Tourism Board also emphasizes the significance of these markets. Markus Tan, regional director for IMESA, shared that Singapore has welcomed over 629,000 Indian visitors during the first half of 2024, hence representing India as its third-largest source market. Foodie markets in destinations like Jaipur and Coimbatore are increasingly serving as key feeder markets as consumers in these aspirant cities seek their own taste of world-class experiences. Customized products and creative packaging aimed at specific markets Liam Findlay, CEO, Miral Destinations, said he saw a 40 percent surge in visitation from India in 2023, where contribution was largely coming from tier two and three markets. The Yas Island Abu Dhabi has increased its expenditure in these cities, finding potential for higher disposable incomes and an increasing propensity for travel. Cities like Chandigarh, Jaipur, Rajkot, Kolhapur, Coimbatore, and Kochi are showing interest in international travel. According to Rajeev Kale, president and country head for holidays, mice and visa at Thomas Cook, singles, DINK couples (Dual Income, No Kids), and child-friendly experiential travel help to build demand. This builds a good tailwind in demand from smaller towns, driven by rising disposable incomes and improved connectivity. The company has now designed special regional tours into its product portfolio catering to the Marathi, Bengali, Gujarati, and Tamil markets. This will offer them with the comfort of a regional language-speaking tour manager and enjoy regional delicacies. Even regional India is growing phenomenally for SOTC Travel. Daniel D’Souza, president and country head for holidays, also says the opening of several holiday stores and franchises pan India, with presence of tier two and three cities, making accessibility for their customers easy. Regional Group tours for SOTC like ‘Gurjar Vishwadarshan holidays’ are guaranteed vegetarian and Gujarati meals across the key destinations making the traveler feel at ease while on the tours in the company of fellow regional passengers. Technology and Regional Marketing Plays Rajesh Magow, co-founder and group CEO of MakeMyTrip, stated that in this period of time, searches for outbound travel from tier two and smaller towns had grown by 38% year-on-year. This growth was reported at 25% from tier two cities and 67% from tier three cities. This trend is also being harnessed by Atlys, an online visa application company. Mohak Nahta, founder and CEO, announced that they are looking to increase their market share in tier two and three cities by up to 40% in the next one year through region-specific marketing campaigns and working closely with local influencers. Traction is growing exponentially from tier two and tier three cities within Sri Lanka now, as Chamindra Goonewardene, VP Sales and Marketing of Resplendent Ceylon, confirmed. Demand is coming from places like Madurai, Surat, Coimbatore, Jaipur, Chandigarh, and new customers are looking for luxury travel experiences. It is growing interest in traveling abroad from tier two and tier three cities in India slowly changing the landscape of travel outflows. With rising incomes and increased connectivity, the world tourism boards and hospitality companies now have their eyes set on those from the small cities of India as their next big focus. With these markets growing, the travel space will need to innovate and adapt equivalence to the diverse needs and wants of small-town India.

There is a new ray of hope for Indian techies in the US. A recent court ruling has upheld a federal rule that allows spouses of H1B visa holders to work in the United States. This landmark judgement delivered by the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit will definitely let the “Employment Authorisation for Certain H-4 Dependent Spouses” regulation survive. This blog post will pick up the argument brought to the fore by this decision, elaborating on H-1B and H-4 visas and what this ruling means for the technology sector. The Court’s Decision: Victory for H-4 Visa Holders The ruling by the court dismissed a challenge from Save Jobs USA, a group of US-born tech workers. As carried forward by President Obama, in 2015, the Department of Homeland Security passed the rule allowing H-1B visa holders’ spouses to work in the US. Save Jobs USA had argued that DHS was reaching beyond its powers in allowing H-4 spouses to work, but the court upheld the decision of the lower court, citing precedence in support of the powers of DHS. Understanding the H-1B and H-4 Visas H-1B Visa ExplainedThe H-1B visa is a nonimmigrant work visa that enables US employers to employ foreign workers with specialised skills. Types of jobs that would generally qualify for an H1B visa normally require at least a bachelor’s degree and tend to be related to technology, engineering, financing, and architecture. The H-1B visa is crucial for the US technology sector, which employs thousands of highly qualified foreign professionals. H-4 Visa ExplainedThe H-4 visa is issued to the dependent family members of H-1B visa holders, including their spouses and unmarried children below 21 years of age. This visa will enable them to accompany the principal visa holder to move to the US and remain there for as long as the principal visa holder has valid status. Under certain conditions, H-4 visa holders may also be eligible to apply for work authorisation, which will authorise them to seek employment in the US. Eligibility and Process of the H-4 Visa Eligibility CriteriaTo qualify for an H-4 visa, the following conditions must be met by the applicants:1) Spouse or unmarried child less than 21 years of age of an H-1B visa holder.2) The holder of the primary visa should hold valid status.3) Proof of financial support from the principal visa holder.4) The applicant should not have a criminal record. Application Process The government charge for applying for an H-4 visa is $205. It encompasses the determination of eligibility, collection of documents, filling out of an application, fixation and appearance for a visa interview, and issuance of a visa after approval. Why was the challenge raised? Save Jobs USA, on behalf of US-born tech workers, challenged in court the authority of DHS to allow H-4 spouses to work in the US. It was argued that the rule was against US jobs and must be rescinded. However, the court opined that the matter was much like the earlier litigation over Optional Practical Training, or OPT, for F-1 students and said DHS was well within its powers. Support of technology firms The H-4 rule had the immense support of leading technology companies and business organisations, like Google, Amazon, and Microsoft. Their argument was that work authorisation for H-4 spouses would benefit the US economy by allowing the retention of highly skilled employees who would continue to stay in the country and also motivating H-1B workers to seek permanent residency. This would be very important for the retention of competitiveness and innovativeness in the US tech sector. Impact on Indian Skilled Workers: The court’s ruling may have wide implications for the US tech industry and its abilities to draw and retain foreign workers who are highly skilled. By allowing H-4 spouses to find work, the regulation is a step towards a more congenial environment for H-1B visa holders who otherwise might not want to relocate to the US if their spouses cannot find work. This could be especially good news for Indian techies, as outsourcing firms based in India are the biggest users of H-1B visas. Conclusion The latest court ruling that will now allow spouses of H-1B visa holders to work in the US is a major victory for both the tech industry and highly qualified foreign workers. In the case of retaining H-4 employment authorisation, the court has ensured that the US will continue to remain a beacon of the world’s best talent. This move, besides supporting the families of H-1B visa holders, has also strengthened the US economy by retaining highly skilled professionals.

Germany is all set to increase the existing proof-of-funds requirement for student visas for the 2024-25 academic year. The threshold for proof of funds has been €11,208 since 1 January 2023. With the new academic year, it would be hiked to €11,904, a near 6% rise over the previous level. This development comes as Germany remains in the process of managing and further supporting its international student numbers, says ICEF Monitor. New Funding Proof Requirement The German Federal Ministry of Education and Research provides several options on the Study in Germany website to meet the updated funding requirement. Attested Documents: A student may present attested documents that explain family income as well as other sources of income or enrichment. Bank Guarantee: This could also be in the form of a pure bank guarantee, “Bankbürgschaft.” This flows from the bank and assures that the student has got enough means. Blocked Account: This is one of the available options, and it is especially meant for foreign-born students. Banks like Deutsche Bank and Fintiba offer blocked accounts. What that means is that the “blocked account” is one which is not accessible to the student until they get to Germany, after which the funds are made available in monthly calendar installments of up to a certain limit. Comparison with Other Study Destinations The new proof-of-funds requirement is €11,904 ($12,875), which keeps Germany competitive vis-à-vis other countries among the top study destinations. Contrast with the following: Australia: AUD$29,710 ($19,540)Canada: CDN$20,635 ($14,930)Ireland: €10,000 ($10,680)France: €7,380 ($7,980) Elsewhere too, there have been landmark hikes. Australia doubled its proof of funds requirement in December 2023, while Australia recorded a second hike—around May 2024—of over 20%. Record Enrollment Nevertheless, Germany continues to be a favored destination for international students. Germany is becoming all the more popular, and the official figures already went up almost by 370,000 foreign students, which is an increase of 5% from last year in the winter semester of 2022-23. That relates to the fifth time in a row when the number of foreign students to Germany shows an upward trend.

Spain Golden Visa program has been the fast lane to residence for high-net-worth individuals looking to obtain residency in exchange for making a financial investment in the country. Since the program’s inception in 2013, more than 15,000 people have benefited, with the vast majority gaining residence through real estate investments. Recent events have brought signs that the Spanish government may be edging towards complete abolition of the program under the current Prime Minister, Pedro Sanchez, and his Socialist Party, the PSOE. This blog will explore the reasons behind the decision, its potential implications for investors, and the future for residency through investment in Spain. The End of an Era: Why Spain is Abolishing the Golden Visa Program  The Golden Visa Program in Spain has been immense, an attraction for foreign investors due to the ease of acquiring residency. However, recent reports indicate that the government is not only abolishing the real estate investment option but is likely to end all routes for the acquisition of residency through this particular program. The move comes after research found out that almost all golden visas were handed out through real estate investment. The measure is part of a more general strategy dealing with the housing crisis in Spain, as high property prices make it difficult for many locals to afford.  How Social Impact Investing is Redefining the Real Estate Landscape The abolition of the Golden Visa Program will have wider implications for foreign investors and, therefore, on the Spanish real estate market. Investing in real estate requires a minimum capital outlay of €500,000 typically.If such an avenue is closed, then investors will be looking for alternative options elsewhere. Also, high-end property sales may no longer be there in the real estate market, thus stabilising the housing prices in the long term.  Future of Residency by Investment in Spain Whereas the Golden Visa Program is ending, Spain will definitely seek alternative ways to attract foreign investment. The government will no doubt design new programs that look at business investments, creating jobs, or any other kinds of contribution to its economy. However, these are early days of change, with details yet to be unveiled. Conclusion In terms of residency through investment, this is a basic policy change in regard to the abolition of Spain’s Golden Visa program. The measure allows for control of the housing crisis and makes foreign investment into the country more coherent with the socio-economic objectives of the country. With the program coming to an end, investors shall update themselves on new opportunities and legislation in a shifting Spanish immigration landscape.

Dubai has forever been the playground of the rich, and that’s not all. The city is fast emerging as a haven for retirees who can spend their post-retirement life in style with world-class facilities, superlative architecture, and pulsating culture, offering just the right blend between comfort and adventure. If you are considering retiring in this glittering city, here comes a complete guide to getting your long-term visa. Financial Requirements for the Retirement Visa in Dubai With a retirement visa, there are specific financial requirements to be met. There are several ways through which you can get your retirement visa depending on the individual’s financial status. You will be able to apply for the income-based route, meaning: Retirees will be able to qualify by demonstrating that they have a sustainable annual income of at least AED 180,000, which is equivalent to about USD 49,000. This comes to approximately AED 15,000 a month, which is roughly equivalent to USD 4,100, ensuring that one has a steady flow of funds to support their lifestyle in the UAE. Savings-Based Option: Another way is to keep AED 1 million in a 3-year fixed deposit account, which comes to approximately USD 275,000. This savings route portrays an individual as being not only financially stable but also self-sufficient during his or her stay here. Property-Based Route: This financially supporting requirement can be fulfilled by investing in property worth at least AED 1 million (about USD 275,000). The property should either be fully paid for or mortgaged (with an overall amount already paid of not less than AED 1 million). Savings and Real Estate Combination A mix of both is also an option. You can add your savings and property for the financial requirement to be satisfied. For example, AED 500,000 kept in a fixed deposit and AED 500,000 in property would account for AED 1 million. How to Apply for a Visa The process of obtaining a long-term visa in Dubai differs accordingly as to which type of financial route you opt for to follow out of the ones mentioned above: For Savings Applications:The applications are governed by the General Directorate of Residency and Foreign Affairs [GDRFA]. You can submit an online application by visiting GDRFA’s Smart Services, then select the ‘Individuals’ login option where you can create an account, log in, and then submit your application through your dashboard. For Property Applications:You must visit the Dubai Land Department’s office to continue your application. This is because it is the agency that regulates the real estate sector and handles property-related applications. Visa costs and feesThis will involve a total payment of AED 3,714.75 (approximately USD 1,011) to be paid by each applicant upon approval of their application by the GDRFA or DLD. This includes all visa-associated costs that one is liable to pay, among them entry permits, adjustment of visa status in case of entry permit, residency stamping, Emirates ID, medical examination, and management fees. Why Retire in Dubai? Dubai offers outstandingly good contemporary apartments and luxurious villas within vibrant residential communities.These are apartments, all of which provide comfort and convenience to the retirees looking for a high standard of living. From a quiet beachfront apartment to a villa in the middle of a roaring neighborhood, Dubai has everything. Conclusion: While others dream of retiring in Dubai, what it takes is some proper financial planning and awareness about obtaining the process of getting a visa. Considering the luxurious living, world-class health facilities, and safety that Dubai has to offer, definitely it’s one of the best cities available at this age. So, are you ready for this fantastic voyage? Just follow these easy steps to get your long-term visa, and a new life in this vibrant city can be yours.

According to a Schengen News report, from January to June 2024, the country issued 80,000 Germany work visas for employment. This is such a massive increase, of which 40,000 target skilled workers, up by 3,000 as compared to the same period in 2023. Increased issuance of visas directly links to the expressed need by the nation for skilled labour in different industries. Workforce Shortages in Germany  The 2023 EURES report estimates over 70 occupations that are lacking in the German labour market. The German Economic Institute has also ascertained a lack of workforce in the country, amounting to 570,000 positions left vacant in the year 2023. This shortage has drastically affected the economy of the country. Gaps exist in key sectors such as transport, manufacturing, construction, health, engineering, and information technology.  Strategic Focus on Indian Skilled Workers  Given the fact of these labour shortages, Germany now reaches out with greater interest in importing skilled workers from India. According to the Labour Minister, Hubertus Heil, there is a need for wooing Indian professionals to bridge the gap in its workforce. Heil recently announced at a meeting with Indian students at the Free University of Berlin that respective authorities would present the strategy for Indian skilled workers during this autumn’s German-Indian government consultations. It will also provide a smooth process for the emigration of Indian skilled workers to Germany and help bridge the country’s labour needs. Projections of the Future Workforce  A 2020 study by the German Institute for Employment Research estimated that if current labour mobility levels were maintained, seven million additional workers would be required to keep Germany’s economy going up until 2035. Against the backdrop of this impending workforce crisis, Germany would now be keen to further engrain and pursue a more vigorous drive for highly qualified labour forces from abroad, such as India. It has at its command a huge resource pool of qualified professionals. Economic Consequences of Labour Shortages  That would mean, in simple terms, that the dearth of skilled manpower in Germany becomes one of the big challenges to economic stability. In other words, there is a deficiency of competent people, which slows production, damages supply chains, and reins in innovation. That is why, due to the more issued work permits and the attraction of more experts from other countries, risk is reduced for continuous development in the economy of Germany. Conclusion  The fact that Germany issued 80,000 work visas in the first half of 2024 is a pointer to serious shortages in its workforce. To fill such lacunae in the labour market so that the German economy runs on full throttle sets its eyes firmly on the skilled workers of India. How much the country, while going through these changes, is able to oversee that, through international partnership, there is an uninterrupted flow of skilled labour will make all the difference.

In a big development for the future applicants of H-1B visas, the United States is said to have announced a second lottery for fiscal year 2025. This move has been resorted to in a bid to fill the regular cap numerical allocation, giving a fresh chance to all those who were found unlucky in the lottery drawn back in March 2024. However, there is a small rider to this—the second lottery will only be for the regular cap; there will be no further selections for the advanced degree exemption, also known as the master’s cap.  Another Shot for Regular Cap Applicants  The first random selection run in March 2024 saw the USCIS randomly choose from among the at least green card electronic registrations filed for the pool, including those eligible for the advanced degree exemption. The number of registrations received in the case of the regular cap was insufficient to suffice for the allocation of FY 2025, hereby outreach for another lottery. With this second selection, all the registrations submitted will be considered. This consideration would include all those eligible under the regular cap and those for the master’s cap who were not selected in the first round. This means even those applicants who were eligible for the master’s cap and did not make it in the first round still have a chance under the regular cap.  Details Important for Applicants  USCIS will indicate that they can file an H-1B cap-subject petition on behalf of the beneficiary of a registration selected in this second lottery. If selected, registrants will receive an update in their USCIS online accounts that will include a selection notice outlining details with regard to the filing process. The USCIS will shortly make an official announcement with relation to the completion of this second selection and the notification of selected petitioners. The second lottery implications  The second lottery clearly indicates that the H-1B visas are in very high demand and the place of selection will be very competitive. As much as it offers a second chance to many aspirants, it is important to note that the advanced degree exemption, more popularly referred to as the master’s cap, will not have a second round of selection since the numbers for the FY 2025 numerical allocation were met during the first selection process. For those selected in this second round, the journey continues towards an H-1B visa, with the steps to follow that include the filing of the petitions filed in the specified time period. As always, timely and accurate submission of required documents, and more, is critical for a successful application.  Again, the second lottery of FY 2025 is keeping many applicants happy.. Regular cap applicants have another chance, but advanced degree exemption people have to look forward to the next fiscal year. The development shows, once again, how dynamic immigration policies are and how up-to-date information must be.